Knowledge of the Internal Structure of Moving Head Stage Lights

 Moving head stage lights are an indispensable component of modern stage art. Expressive lighting colors are a crucial element of stage lighting, serving as an important means to create scene atmosphere and artistic effects in stage lighting design.

Moving head stage lights are high-tech integrated products combining electronics, machinery and optics. A qualified moving head stage light must be stable and reliable, with excellent luminous efficiency, accurate positioning, good heat dissipation, and its lamp body and material structure must meet ergonomic requirements. Classified by power, moving head lights are available in variants such as 250W, 575W and 1200W, among which the 1200W type is the primary lighting option for professional performance venues. This article focuses on the structural principle of 1200W moving head lights. Simply put, a moving head stage light consists of three systems: optics, machinery, and electrical & program control. These three systems are interconnected and organically integrated to meet the requirements for light intensity, color, speed, direction, effect, heat dissipation, noise level and positioning. The following is an analysis by Shenzhen Soundera Electroacoustics.

Mechanical Knowledge

The extensive mechanical system encompasses materials, structure, mechanical properties, shell requirements, heat dissipation requirements and other aspects. The main considerations for selecting lighting materials are: meeting the functional requirements of the lamp, facilitating manufacturing, and being cost-effective. At present, the materials used for 1200W moving head lights at home and abroad are mainly steel, plastic and aluminum alloy. In consideration of the general functions of the lamp and to meet the design of the lamp's structural model, different parts are made of different materials. For example, the Aceda-spot1200III 1200W moving head light uses plastic parts for the lamp body shell, while aluminum alloy castings, stamped parts and automotive-grade components are adopted for the lamp body bracket, base, side plates and end plates.

Optical Knowledge

The design of the optical system mainly focuses on the utilization of the luminous flux of the light source. The specific performance indicators include light intensity, uniformity, saturation and spot size. There are two factors affecting the above indicators: one is the light source, and the other is the structure and material selection of the optical system. At present, manufacturers and users at home and abroad basically recommend the use of 1200W short-arc double-ended metal halide discharge lamps produced by Osram or Philips. These lamps are characterized by compact structure, high brightness, high color temperature, excellent color rendering properties, and relatively stable color temperature maintenance during dimming.

To obtain a uniformly mixed light beam, a parabolic reflector can be used. To achieve divergent or narrow light beams, it is necessary to select reflectors with scales or surface textures. A reflector system made of specular reflective materials outperforms a refraction system. When multiple beams are required from a single light source, a refraction system using prisms or lens combinations can be adopted. At present, the optical design of 1200W moving head stage lights at home and abroad adopts the method of lens combination, which is composed of aspherical (i.e., parabolic) quartz lenses.